Assessment 1 (2000 words)
Instructions:
• Please read the background information below. When you have read the background information, you can proceed to the questions on the Assessment Template. These questions relate to the background information.
• You will need to apply the knowledge that you have gained from Topics 1-4 to complete these questions.
• The marks allocated to each question are stated next to the question.
• The word count is stated next to each question. Note that when the word count says ‘equivalent’ it means that you do not need to have that exact number of words to answer the question – just provide as much detail as required to answer the question.
• You are advised to frequently refer to the Assessment Feedback Sheet to guide you on what characteristics of a response constitute an F2, F1, P2, P1, C, D, and HD grade.
• As with all academic work, if you refer to the work of others to support your responses, you must reference this information using the UniSA Harvard Reference System. You do not need to reference the articles listed in the Tables in Question 5 but if any other sources are used, these should be referenced.
Background: Immunisation – Health beliefs
*Nursing students: You are working as a registered nurse in a GP Practice and one of your roles is to promote immunisation for children (this may be the MMR or other recommended immunisations). You have had a few parents refuse vaccinations for their children and this concerns you as you believe that this may leave the child and communities vulnerable to outbreaks of serious diseases.
*Midwifery students: You are working as a midwife in an antenatal clinic. One of your roles is to promote vaccination against pertussis (whooping cough) for pregnant women. You have had a few pregnant women decline vaccination. This concerns you as you know that if the pregnant woman is immune to pertussis that passive immunity is passed to her unborn baby to protect them against pertussis when they are newborn until they can be immunised themselves
You do not think that parents/pregnant women would deliberately expose their children/baby/themselves to the risk of serious disease unless they were guided by a belief that immunisation was not safe. You are vaguely aware via media reports that there is an anti-vaccine movement, and you want a quick overview of what it is all about. As most of us would do, you consult Google, and you find the following information. Read the information below:
The History of Vaccines: History of the anti-vaccination movement
The College of Physicians of Philadelphia (2017)
https://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/history-anti-vaccination-movements
As you want to have an informed discussion with the parents/pregnant women you are working with, you decide to examine the available research. You are aware that both qualitative and quantitative evidence inform evidence based practice, so you may chose either approach (or both). For instance, you may investigate the evidence around the safety of vaccination or you may explore why parents/pregnant women are concerned about immunisation.
*Please do not include this page of background information when you submit the assessment template to learnonline.
Assessment 1 Template
*Equivalent means that your responses may not equate exactly to the number of words that you have written. As the format for this assessment is a template an approximate word count is given that reflects the work required to complete the template. Suggested word counts may be given in the template to guide you in how much detail is required in your response. The template word count is not included in your word count. The template itself (without the background) equates to approximately 900 words. You will note an elevated similarity percentage when this is submitted via TurnItIn because of the template. Your lecturers/tutors are aware of this.
Questions 1-4 (25 marks – 500 word equivalent)
Question 1a. From the background information provided above relating to immunisation, develop a researchable question. Type the question below:
Question 1b: Identify the elements of (words relating to) PICO or PICo in the research question that you have formulated (delete irrelevant table)
P
I
C
O
OR
P
I
Co
Question 2a. What type of research methodology do you think should be used to answer the research question that you have formulated?
?Quantitative
?Qualitative
?Mixed methods
Question 2b. Justify why this methodology was chosen to answer the question (Approx 75 words - reference/s used to support your response should be written below your answer and are not included in the word count).
Question 3a. List 3 places/sources of information that can be used to obtain reliable evidence to answer the research question that you have formulated:
1.
2.
3.
Question 3b. Using one of the resources listed above, provide the details of a specific resource/publication that is an example of best available evidence to assist you in answering your research question. Complete the table below:
Provide the full reference/title for the resource/publication
Provide the URL
Question 3c. Explain why the information source chosen is an example of best available evidence for answering the research question that you have formulated. Refer to the Levels of Evidence and Hierarchy of Evidence tables in Topic 2 (Approx 75 words - reference/s used to support your response should be written below your answer and are not included in the word count).
Question 4a: List three key words that will assist in finding suitable literature in a library database to answer the research question that you have formulated. For each of the search terms, suggest an alternate word for which the Boolean function “or” could be used and truncations and wildcards.
Keyword Search term/s for Boolean ‘or’ ‘and’ ‘not’ Truncation/s Wildcards
1
2
3
Question 4b: What actions could be taken to extend or limit the number of articles found or improve the quality/relevance of the articles found in the search? (Approx 75 words - reference/s used to support your response should be written below your answer and are not included in the word count).
Question 5 (25 marks - 500 word equivalent)
Complete the template below by providing the requested information relating to some of the specific components of the research articles listed. IBNU students only need to complete the two articles that are for ‘IBNU students only’ and IMBW students only need to complete the two articles that are for ‘IBMW students only’.
Table 1.
IBNU students only:
IBMW students only: Li-Kim-Moy, J.P., Yin, J.K., Heron, L., Leask, J., Lambert, S.B., Nissen, M., Sloots, T. and Booy, R., 2017. Influenza vaccine efficacy in young children attending childcare: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of paediatrics and child health, 53(1), pp.47-54.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13313
McMillan, M., Clarke, M., Parrella, A., Fell, D.B., Amirthalingam, G. and Marshall, H.S., 2017. Safety of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccination during pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 129(3), pp.560-573.
https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00006250-201703000-00025
Type of study (e.g.: meta-analysis, systematic review, cohort, RCT, ethnography, phenomenology, etc)
Issue/Topic (what was being studied)
Purpose/aims of the study (why was the study being undertaken?)
Inclusion/exclusion criteria
Search strategy/data collection (how was the study set up and implemented; what intervention was used)
Results (main findings)
Conclusion/recommendations
Table 2.
IBNU students only
IBMW students only: Enkel, S.L., Attwell, K., Snelling, T.L. and Christian, H.E., 2018. ‘Hesitant compliers’: Qualitative analysis of concerned fully-vaccinating parents. Vaccine, 36(44), pp.6459-6463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.088
OShea, A., Cleary, B., McEntee, E., Barrett, T., OCarroll, A., Drew, R. and OReilly, F., 2018. To vaccinate or not to vaccinate? Women’s perception of vaccination in pregnancy: a qualitative study. BJGP open, 2(2), p.bjgpopen18X101457.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6184095/
Type of study (e.g.: meta-analysis, systematic review, cohort, RCT, ethnography, phenomenology, etc)
Issue/Topic (what was being studied)
Purpose/aims of the study (why was the study being undertaken?)
Population (how many participants, age, gender, disease, etc)
Materials/Method
(how was the study set up)
Data analysis
Results (main findings)
Conclusion/recommendations
Question 6 – (45 marks – 1000 words)
Discuss the reasons why the studies above would or would not be helpful in enabling a nurse/midwife to have an informed discussion with parents/a pregnant woman about immunisation for their children/themselves. Comment on the relative value of the studies to the argument. Identify any further information that may be useful in an informed discussion with parents/a pregnant woman about immunisation for their children/ themselves.
(Reference/s used to support your response should be written below your answer and are not included in the word count).
*5 marks will be given for writing, presentation and correct use of Harvard UniSA referencing for all responses in the template as per the assessment feedback sheet.
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