Systems Requirement Specification
1. TIMELINES AND EXPECTATIONS
Due date: Tuesday, Week 7, 11:55pm.
Weighting: 15%, maximum mark: 100.
Minimum time expectation: 30 hours.
You will be working in groups of three students.
Your assignment will be assessed by your tutor or lecturer if your lecturer is also your tutor. You will receive your mark and written feedback via Moodle two weeks after the due date or submission, whichever is later.
2. INTRODUCTION
You have been hired as a systems analyst to work with two other analysts. Your task is to document the functional requirements of Australia Post in UML.
In a typical learning environment, assignments are often based on hypothetical case studies, like those in the tutorials. Such case studies, however, are limiting because you have little opportunity to investigate how real systems work, thus making it difficult to appreciate the complexity of a real system, the need of analysis and the usefulness analysis tools. We hope that by investigating a real system you will appreciate the importance of analysis and the role of UML as a communication and analysis tool.
During the analysis stage, UML is used to specify systems requirements, which will be used to design a computer system. In this assignment, we will use UML to document a system that has already been computerised – like reverse engineering a system (from an existing computer system to specification). This has another advantage in that you can evaluate if your specification is close enough to the real system. However, be careful when reverse engineering so you do not also include the design decisions – please see your lecturer when you are unsure, we are more than happy to give you feedback.
Please note that the case study provided here is incomplete and you need to investigate
Australia Post to complete the assignment, such visiting their website or following Australia Post development in the news. If you cannot find the information you need, please talk to your lecturer or tutor.
You may also come up with functionality that does not yet exist but would add values to the business, but please discuss with your lecturer first.
Section 3 describes the motivation behind the design of this assignment; Section 4 provides information on how and what to submit (note that Moodle has been set up, so there is only one submission from each group). The case study can be found in Section 5. Section 6 describes the tasks and mark allocation for individual and group work.
3. MOTIVATION.
The purpose of the assignment is to ensure that you know:
1. How to document functional requirements using three tools widely used in the IT industry: brief use case description, use case diagram and domain model class diagram. The use case and domain model class diagrams are part of the Unified Modelling Language (UML).
2. How different stakeholders contribute to the definition of requirements.
The assignment addresses the following learning outcomes:
K1. Explain how models are used to assist in analysing and modifying existing business systems;
K2. Define various roles involved in the processes of system analysis;
K3. Describe techniques used to gather required information for system analysis;
K4. Explain the various stages of the system development life cycle;
S1. Identify appropriate models for given scenarios;
S2. Develop various models using a professional CASE tool;
S4. Perform Object Oriented Analysis and Design to construct various object models used to communicate the scope and requirements of the project.
A1. Write integrated reports, using appropriate models, providing detailed analysis of given textual scenarios.
4. WHAT AND HOW TO SUBMIT
1. Moodle has been set up so each group submits only one document – anyone from a team can submit. You need to submit a link to your group report in a called Assignment1Submission.txt which is available from Moodle Shell.
2. Open your Federation University OneDrive account. If you have never used it, or are not sure how:
? First login to your Federation University student email account.
? Click the nine dots in the top left corner and select OneDrive.
? OneDrive should open starting the files menu.
3. Sharing the File from OneDrive with your Marker 1. Right-click on your Group Report in OneDrive.
2. Click -Copy link-.
3. Click the button -People with existing access can use the link-.
4. Change it to -People in Federation University Australia with the link-.
5. Untick -Allow Editing- - as you do not want anyone changing your file.
6. Click Apply.
7. Copy the link that is created.
8. It will be a very long link starting with -https://federationuniversitymy.sharepoint.com-
9. Download the file “Assignment1Submission.txt” from the Moodle shell
10. Open Assignment1Submission.txt
11. Paste the link for your file from OneDrive in to Submission.txt
12. Save Assignment1Submission.txt
4. Submit Assignment1Submission.txt via Moodle Shell.
5. CASE STUDY
The case study for this assignment is based on Australia Post (https://auspost.com.au/). Some functionality or processes may have been simplified or modified to meet certain learning criteria. Australia Post “delivered more than delivered more than 3 billion items last year” to “11.9 million delivery points across Australia” [1].
We will investigate three subsystems in Australia Post:
1. Mail, parcel lockers and PO box services; 2. Document services and digital identification; and
3. Recruitment and Graduate Program.
These three subsystems are described in the following sections.
5.1 Mail, Parcel Lockers and PO Box Services
Mail services have extended beyond door-to-door delivery. The Australia Post now also offers post office boxes. To use this service, a customer has to apply for a post office box (PO box) and pay for an annual fee (see PO box application form). This subsystem is not responsible for the payment, but it must reject applications which have not been paid. Customers can use the PO boxes not just for receiving letters but also parcels; however, size limit will apply – if unsure check with an Australia Post staff member. Once you have submitted the application form, Australia Post will assign a PO box number and give instruction on how you can access your PO box. For information about how to set up a new PO box, please click here.
If you are a business or a corporate customer, you can choose automatic renewals. If you are a personal customer or a business customer who does not choose automatic renewals, you will be notified a month before the expiry date. A sample of a PO box renewal notice is given in Figure A1 and A2 in Appendix A. The notice should give some information on what information is collected. If customers do not pay within 10 days after the due date, then the PO box will be closed. Note that this subsystem is not responsible for accepting the payment. Payments fall under another subsystem which is not covered in this case study. This is an example of how one subsytem interacts with another subsystem. In your modelling, you may leave out the payment information (such as invoice no), but you must specify the fee structure for the appropriate use case; for example, when selecting a PO box, customers must be notified how much it costs.
If you sign up for a new PO box you will be given a free mail redirection service for six months. Australia Post will also notify you that you have applied for a mail redirection; for example, if you have moved from Melbourne to Ballarat and you wish your mails from Melbourne to be redirected to Ballarat, a notification letter will be sent to your Melbourne address before the start of mail redirection. A sample of the notice is given in Figure A3 in Appendix A. A month before the end of the free service, Australia Post will notify customers to renew. If customers do not extend the redirection service (for a fee), then the mail redirection will cease.
All customers sign up for a PO box can register to get a notification via SMS or email that a mail has been delivered to their PO box. One PO box can be attached to only one email or one mobile number.
Other services offered by Australia Post include mail holdings and parcel lockers.
5.2 Document Services and Digital Identification
Apart from mails, Australia Post also accepts the lodgement of applications for passports, tax file numbers, and working with children checks and digital identification. This section first describes the generic document services and digital identification.
5.2.1 Document Services
To lodge the application of legal documents, in most cases, you have to obtain the correct forms from the appropriate authorities; for example, if you wish to apply for a new passport or a passport renewal, then you must obtain the form from the Australian Government, but you lodge your applications at authorised Australia Post centres – note that not all post offices accept passport applications. For some services, such as passport applications and tax file number, you must also book an interview time at an authorised Australia Post centre.
Some organisations, such as hospitals, require you to have police check clearance and Australia Post offer this service. To apply for a police check at Australia Post, you can speed up the process if you are already registered with Australia Post’s Digital iD (described in Section 5.2.2 below). To find out what information is needed, please check the form when applying for this check manually. Note that when applying for a police check, you must book an appointment for an interview. Also, exclude information on finger printing and payment – that is to be done manually during the interview. Payments fall under another subsystem which is not covered in this case study. This is an example of how one subsytem interacts with another subsystem.
5.2.2 Digital iD
In Australia, occasionally you will be required to verify yourself: to prove you are who you said you are; for example, when opening a bank account, you need to provide 100 points documents. Not all documents carry the same points: some legal documents may have more points than others. For a list of documents and the points they carry, please see proof of identification requirements.
In early 2015, the Australian Government started developing TDIF (Trusted Digital Identity
Framework) and collaborated with counterparts in the USA, UK, Canada and New Zealand [2]. The main idea behind TDIF is that organisations can verify the identity of an individual “digitally”, instead of having to sight the documents of an individual.
To help you understand how Digital ID work, I will use PayPal as an example. PayPal is a third party payment system. Once you have opened a PayPal account, you would link credit/debit cards or bank accounts to your PayPal account. When you make your payment with PayPal, no merchant has access to any of your financial information linked to PayPal. Instead, PayPal will transfer the requested amount to the merchant.
In PayPal, merchants have no access to your financial information; similarly, in Digital ID the organisations that need to verify your identification have no access to your legal
documents. In 2017, Digital iD (a product from Australia Post) gained accreditation from the Australian Government as an identity provider. In a typical digital identification system, organisations have no need to sight your documents. Instead, Digital iD will verify that you are indeed the person you claim to be (see Figure 1 on the next page).
To further understand what TDIF is, you might like to listen to the ABC interview with Dr Jay Jeong, a researcher at the Cyber Security Cooperation Research. You may also like to watch the following promotional video from Australia Post.
To use Digital iD, you need to provide two of the following documents: Australian Passport,
New Zealand Passport, International Passport with a valid Australian Visa, Australian Driver License, Medicare Card, Proof of Age card, Tertiary student card or Keypass ID card. For all documents, Digital iD captures the identification number, first name, middle name (if there is any), last name and date of birth. For Australian Driver License, Digital iD must capture the issuing state, and for medicare card the individual reference number on the card.
Once you have supplied all the information required, you need to bring the documents used for the identification to a certified Australia Post centre. If you have an Australian or New Zealand passport, then you only need to bring one of the documents you have lodged with Australia Post; otherwise, you need to bring both documents. After a staff member has verified your identity, the system will generate a receipt containing the following detail: the name of the post office branch, postcode of the branch, a reference no, a unique sequence number, ID of the Australia Post staff, date and time of verification. The reference no is a 26 alphanumeric field. The unique sequence number is a 13 digit numeric field. The receipt also has a note which explains the purpose of Digital iD and who the information will be disclosed to along with some other legal notices – please see Appendix B for a sample of the receipt.
Figure 1. The Digital Identity Ecosystem. At the moment, Digital iD is the only accredited identity provider in the private sector. In the future, Banks could also verify the identity of a person [3].
You can now use Digital iD to prove your identity in the online space or face-to-face. Digital iD will share at most your name, your photo and date of birth. To verify your identity online, upload a photo of yourself and your unique identification number. To proof identity faceto-face, simply show the photo which Australia Post has verified. The person who checks your identity can see that you look like the photo that has been verified.
5.3 Recruitment and Graduate Programs
Entering the job market is a chicken and egg problem for many graduates, including IT graduates, because employers often ask for working experience but most graduates have none or very little experience. But it does not have to be this way. Many organisations offer “graduate programs”, some of these jobs are advertised in generic job search sites, such as GradConnection or Seek.
Australia Post also offers graduate programs for students who are finishing or has recently completed their studies – please check the eligibility criteria if you are interested. Unlike NEC, Australia Post does not post specific internship or graduate program opportunities; instead, you have to browse all vacancies here. You will find that most vacancies are in deliveries or customer service representatives, but you may also find other IT positions such as Software Engineers, Data Engineers, Fraud Analytics, etc. One useful function is to register your interest in the graduate program or sign up for job alerts.
The process of being accepted into any graduate program is quite lengthy, and the complete steps for Australia Post are described here. Once you have enrolled, both Australia Post and you can track which step you are in, but only a staff member of the Post can move you from one step to another.
Australia Post can also post, edit and remove a job. Each job has a closing application date, and any job past the application date should be hidden from the public. In order to understand what information needs to be stored, you need to view at least one job description carefully. Also be mindful that the organisation may store information which may be unavailable to the public, such as salary range or contact person responsible for the job.
6. ASSESSMENT TASKS
This assignment has a group work and individual work components. For diagramming (use case diagram and domain model class diagram), you may use any tools you are comfortable with – popular web-based tools include draw.io. You may use other tools but make sure all members in your group use the same tool.
The following sections describe the tasks for the group and individual work and the distribution of marks.
Task 1 - Individual work [70 marks]
1 5 marks – Stakeholders.
List four stakeholders of your subsystem, outline their roles, and indicate whether they are internal or external, operational or executive.
2 25 marks – Brief use case description.
Ten brief use case texts for your subsystem – each use case description must have actor(s), use case name and use case description. The written case study provides at least six use cases for each subsystem, so you need to add four more new use cases.
The new use cases must fit in with the case study and your subsystem– for example, the case study is based on Australia Post; therefore, a use case for booking a car is irrelevant.
You must include an actor for each use case. Each use case must also apply these three concepts:
• can be computerised.
• perfect technology assumption (week 3).
• elementary business processes – EBP (week 3).
For each subsystem, make sure you include at least one use case that is only visible to the staff (not customers), because in assignment 2, you will be designing the screens for one use case.
3 10 marks – use case diagram.
A use case diagram based on the brief use case description you have created.
4 30 marks – class diagram for each subsystem.
A class diagram for your subsystem. The class diagram must support all the use cases identified.
Task 2 - Group work [30 marks]
5 5 marks – Consolidated report
The report must clearly list each student’s name and ID and which subsystem each member is responsible for.
6 20 marks – Consolidated class diagram.
Consolidate all the class diagrams from your team members into a single class diagram.
7 5 marks - A table which lists from which subsystem the class or attribute comes from.
This will greatly ensure that you have included all classes, relationships and attributes from all subsystem and help you and the markers in checking the consistency of the consolidated domain model class diagram.

Appendix A – Mail and PO Boxes
All documents in Appendix A were correspondence from Australia Post with sensitive information replaced.
Figure A1. PO Box renewal notice. This document has two pages; shown here is page 1. Try to find the relationship between the numbers, such as the invoice numbers and the barcodes. You need a bar code reader app to read the bar codes. I used the Android app “QR Scanner”, which can read bar codes and QR codes.
Figure A2. PO Box renewal notice. This document has two pages, shown here is page 2.
Figure A1. Mail Redirection Notice. See if there is any relationship between the numbers on the document and the bar code. You need a bar code reader app to read the bar codes. I used the Android app “QR Scanner”, which can read bar codes and QR codes.
Appendix B – Digital iD
The document in Appendix B were correspondence from Australia Post with sensitive information replaced.
Figure B1. The receipt to be given to users contain information such : the name of the post office branch, postcode of the branch, a reference no, a unique sequence number, date of verification, ID of the Australia Post staff, date and time of verification and some notes which explains the purpose of Digital iD, to whom and what information will be disclosed.

References
1. Fast facts about Australia Post. (2020). Retrieved 28 February 2020, from https://auspost.com.au/about-us/news-media/fast-facts-about-australia-post
2. The Trusted Digital Identity Framework. (2020). Retrieved 28 February 2020, from https://www.dta.gov.au/our-projects/digital-identity/trusted-digital-identity-framework
3. Digital identity ecosystem. (2020). Retrieved 28 February 2020, from https://www.dta.gov.au/ourprojects/digital-identity/digital-identity-ecosystem
Acknowledgement
Many thanks to my FedUni colleague, Dr Leigh Achterbosch, for sharing the instructions related to OneDrive. I am also grateful to Australia Post staff member who shared with me the Australia Post Digital iD verification process.
End of Assignment One Specification